Travel and Tourism

INTRODUCTION

Travel and Tourism though go together but each has a clear and distinct meaning. Tourism is an act of travelling to or visiting a place mostly at leisure and holiday period for pleasure and entertainment.

There is no specified limit or distance to which the distance would, in essence, it can be as far as traveling form one continent to the other or just within a city or any distance you van think about – long or short.

Some can go as much as traveling to space just for pleasure. A typical example of this adventure is a space travel made not too long ago by a Hither to number one richest man on earth Jeff Bezos.

Travel entails moving from one destination or place to the other for a variety of purpose.

Definitions:

What is Tourism?

Tourism is simply defined as an act of travelling to one or more places or locations, for either business or pleasure purposes. However, according to world tourism organization(WTO), tourism is an act of travelling to another environment, for a minimum of 24 hours, but for no longer than one year, on account of business or leisure.
In addition, for the visit to be seen as a tourism,the tourist should stay in overnight accommodation situated in the location he/she has gone to.

What is travel?

Travel is simply defined as moving from one location to another. This encompasses a wide range of movements and distances covered, ranging from long-distance travel, short-distance travel, overseas travel, domestic travel and various other forms. C
travel also involves both round trips and one-way journeys. It cuts across a wide variety of different travel purposes.
The travel industry, in essence has numerous aspects of the variety service industry which profer solution to the needs and desires of those who do travel from one part of the world to another.

The Difference Between the Travel and Tourism Industry

The travel and tourism are very closely related, and both the travel industry and the tourism industry have significant overlap. Notwithstanding the similarities, there are also differences between the two terms and the two industries.

Tourism is all about people travelling for business or pleasure purposes, staying in their destination for at least 24 hours or one night before returning or moving over to another destination. In other hand , the travel industry has a wider scope, covering more travel purposes and durations.

Components of Travel and Tourism

(1) Transportation

Travel and Tourism need not be mentioned if there is no effective and reliable transportation system. The important of transportation sector in travel and tourism can’t be overemphasized as it is one of the most obvious sectors that falls under both the travel and tourism umbrellas, and is concerned with the movement of people from one location to another. A tourist could get to the any tourist centre he/she had longed to visit if there a good and reliable transport system. Similarly, a traveler gets stranded if there is no available transport system that can convey the person to the supposed destination especially long distance journeys. There are different ways in which travel can be made, they include the following air, road, rail and water-based methods.

Different means of transportation and their roles in Travel and Tourism business:

Airline Transportation

Among the means of transportation air travel is the outstanding way that tourists and travelers reach their chosen destination especially among the international travelers. Airline industry provides various services, including scheduled and chartered flights. Both international and domestic flights may be offered by an establishments domiciled in this sector. They can as well provide services in both long and short haul flights.

Leasing of a vehicle

The multiple roles of a vehicle is very obvious in travel and tourism establishment. Vehicle leasing services provide customers with temporary access to a vehicle/car. These services can enable tourists or travelers to actually get to their chosen destination in the first place, and many more tourists/visitors also use them after they have arrived, as they provide a greater amount of freedom for exploration than relying on public transport.

Water Transportation

Water transportation is defined as the movement of people and goods by boat, ship, barge or sailboat across ocean, sea, lake, canal, or river, or through other modes that involve water. They are used to transport cargo from one country to another. It is often much cheaper to transport heavy goods by water than it is by air or road. Water-based transport is one of the most traditional and memorable ways for visitors to travel to and from a destination. It is not only a way to travel but a tourism experience in of itself. Cruise tourism which is simply defined as a luxurious form of travelling, involving an all-inclusive holiday on a cruise ship of at least 48 hours, with a set and specific itinerary, in which the cruise ship calls at several ports or cities – has been a growing market sector around the world, not only as a means to travel to a destination but as an experience.

Railway Transportation

One of the greatest advantages of traveling by train is sightseeing between destinations. On a train, you get to see countryside you often wouldn’t see if you were driving the highway or flying thousands of miles in the air. Rather than long distance roads, cars, vehicles, and semi and articulated trucks, you’ll see lush forests, untouched lakes, mountains, and remote villages. Trains also explore parts of the country that don’t even have roads—giving you the most authentic views around. Train travel is also more social.

Unlike cars, there’s no traffic to deal with and you don’t have to worry about taking a wrong turn and getting lost. It is very popular among domestic travellers, due to their convenience and regularity.

Spacecraft Tourism

Space tourism is travelling into space for recreational purposes. It is a segment of the aviation industry that seeks to give tourists the ability to become astronauts and experience space travel for recreational, leisure, or business purposes. It is sometimes referred to as citizen space exploration, personal spaceflight, or commercial human spaceflight, and it covers spaceflights that are sub-orbital, orbital, and even beyond Earth orbit. The most famous example of a company operating within this area is Virgin Galactic, which is hoping to be able to provide commercial space tourism via passenger trips into space in the near future.

(2) Accommodation

Accommodation plays an essential roles as far as travel and tourism is concerned. It gives tourists the chance to enjoy the area and its attractions for an extended period of time while also boosting the local economy with their purchases. The accommodation industry offers a variety of different options for customers, catering to different tastes, budgets and requirements. Many businesses in the lodging industry offer a variety of different services in addition to cover and a place to sleep.

The following are accommodation options available for you:

Hotels

Hotels and Suites are the bedrock of accommodation when it comes to lodging industry and the travel and tourism is not an exception. They offer on a commercial basis items that are typically furnished in homes but not available to persons traveling away from home, such as shelter, food, refreshment, and similar services and goods. They are the most accepted type of accommodation for tourists. Hotels and suites are establishments that offer overnight stays on a short-term basis.

Hostels

Hostels are a form of shared-room lodging, where guests pay for a bed in a dormitory-style set up. Rooms will each provide multiple beds, with guests sharing kitchen and bathroom facilities. They are typically classed as a budget option, and are usually provided on a self-catering basis.

chalets

A chalet is a style of woodwork home or cottage with a substantial, gently sloping roof and wide, right-angled front corners. Such houses, which are also known as Swiss chalets, are pretty widespread in Europe’s Alpine region. A herder’s hut is referred to by this phrase. Chalets are suitable for a clientele that prefers nature, adventure, and bonding as a group. Chalets are ideal for guests that travel in groups such as sports teams, corporate boding teams, and families.

The following elements can be added to a chalet by a hotelier to improve the experiences of visitors: •

• Catered and self-catering choices.

• Personal hot pot.

• Hot pools and saunas; shared and private chalet accommodations.

Camping

Camping is an outdoor activity that involves staying the night/more than one night in a protective shelter out in nature. In order words, it uses temporary structure, typically a tent. Tourists and travelers who camp may choose to do so at a commercial campsite, which will offer extra amenities, or they may want to set up camp on their own at a place that is open to the public, such as a national park.  camping is a way of getting away from the hassle of urban life, to a more natural environment for a limited time.

Bed and Breakfast

Bed and breakfast is a system of accommodations in a hotel or guest house, in which you pay for a room for the night and for breakfast the following morning. It differs from hotels and suites in the sense that the owner/manager usually lives there and sometimes has separate accommodation, but often doesn’t while in hotels, it’s unlikely you’ll ever meet the owner. The majority of bed and breakfast establishments are located in previously owned homes or bars, and they offer individual rooms for the night and breakfast in the morning.

Cruises

Cruise tourism can be defined as a luxurious form of travelling, involving an all-inclusive holiday on a cruise ship of at least 48 hours, with a set and specific itinerary, in which the cruise ship calls at several ports or cities. One of the tourism market’s most significant growth segments is the cruise industry. Over the past few years, the cruise market has seen an incredible expansion in passenger numbers, while an increasing number of new cruise destinations are appearing. This expansion has given rise to a desire for particularly large cruise ships. Cruises are classed as both a form of transportation and a form of accommodation. The reason for this is because those on the cruise are allocated their own cabin, where they can rest, relax and sleep, and passengers spend the vast majority of the cruise actually on the cruise ship, benefiting from classic accommodation services.

Cottages

A cottage is referred to as a cozy dwelling, generally in rural or semi-rural areas. Cottages are typically small homes built to look like old house. Some tourists prefer cottage with its little spaces and a homey personality. It will be of immense benefits to set up cottages in tourist destinations to attract guests that would love the home from home experience. A cottage houses furnished with modern amenities to enhance your guests’ experiences and also attracts more tourist without altering the natural look of the cottage accommodation will be much appreciated.

Timeshare Accommodation

A timeshare is a type of vacation property that is owned by numerous people and allows them to use it exclusively for a set length of time. There are timeshares offered for a variety of holiday properties, including hotels, condos, and flats. Timeshares are frequently smaller accommodations located on a bigger resort property.

The owners of this type of accommodation are usually allocated usage rights for a week or two weeks.

(3) Food, Drinks and Other Refreshments

Food plays a significant role in preserving local heritage and at the same time building on existing tourism assets and driving innovation. Food tourism contributes to the long-term sustainability of local agriculture, food systems, communities, and culture due to increased demand for local food by visitors.

Sections of Food, Beverages and Others

Restaurants

Restaurants are establishments which provide food and drink. It provides a sense of friendship and communual lives. There are always certain restaurants in any town that everyone knows. Not only do they know the place, they know the people who work there or own it which is primarily eaten on the premises eateries. They preserve agriculture and recipes from generation to generation and are the lifeblood of regional food culture. When you choose to patronise a local restaurant, you invest your money right back into of your community and preserve local recipe and agriculture. In tourism, food and beverage can offer potential opportunities about entertainment, educational, aesthetic, business etc

Catering

Catering is the business of providing food and drinks for events or occasions. It can involve preparing and serving food and drinks at the event location or delivering them to the location for the client to serve.In relation to travel and tourism, the term catering is usually used to refer to food and drink services that are situated in locations where eating and drinking are not the primary attraction. Restaurants and eateries will not come in here, but may include food and drinks sold on public transport, in parks and at tourist sites.

Bars & Cafés

A bar is a establishment that serves both alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, and cocktails. and non-alcoholic drinks, such as coffee and tea, and may offer a selection of snacks or light meals while a cafe is a casual establishment that serves coffee and other beverages, as well as light meals and snacks. Cafes may also offer a selection of pastries, sandwiches, and other baked goods. Bars and cafés provide a relaxed environment for travelers to eat and drink.

Nightclubs

A nightclub is a type of entertainment venue that is open late at night and typically serves alcoholic beverages. Nightclubs may also feature live music, DJs, dancing, and other types of entertainment. They are typically designed to be social places where people can gather to drink, dance, and socialize. Some tourist destinations around the world are well known for their vibrant nightlife, with nightclubs serving as the centre of attraction.

(4) Entertainment

Entertainment is any enterprise that provides enjoyment or amusement to an audience. There are many such activities, such as watching movies or TV shows, listening to music, attending live performances or sporting events, playing games, and more. Even if entertainment wasn’t the main reason for the trip, visitors and travelers frequently need it once they reach their desired destination. However, entertainment-related businesses or enterprises frequently serve as one of the main draws for visitors to a location. 

Sub-division of entertainment sector in travel and tourism.

Casino

A casino is a place where people do engage in one form of gambling or the other. The various types that can be seen in casino are slot machines, card games, and roulette. Casinos are mostly found in resort areas or tourist destinations, and they may be part of a larger entertainment complex that includes hotels, restaurants, and other amenities. Other characteristics of casino apart from betting are live entertainment, such as music or comedy shows, there could also be a variety of dining options. Some casinos may also have other types of recreational facilities, such as pools, spas, and golf courses.

Shopping

Shopping is the act of buying goods or services. People engage in act of purchasing for various reasons, such as to acquire necessary or desired items, to support local businesses, or for leisure and enjoyment. Shops play a varied role in the travel and tourism industries, catering to people’s basic needs, while also providing a form of entertainment.

Listed below are examples of well-known places in the world where people do often go to procure one item or the other because of their shopping opportunities:

1. New York City, United States: New York is home to a wide variety of shopping options, including high-end department stores, discount retailers, specialty stores, and street vendors.
2. Paris, France: Paris is known for its chic boutiques and designer stores, as well as its bustling open-air markets and flea markets.
3. Hong Kong, China: Hong Kong is a shopping paradise, with a mix of high-end designer stores, discount retailers, and street markets.
4. Dubai, United Arab Emirates: Dubai is home to a number of luxury shopping centers and markets, as well as street vendors selling traditional and locally-made goods.

Tourist Guides & Tours

A tourist guide is someone who offers aid with trip planning and organization as well as information and assistance while on the road. This can involve assisting with itinerary planning, making travel reservations, giving advice on local sights to see and customs to observe, and serving as a personal tour guide to accompany visitors while they travel to various locations. In other hand, A tour is a scheduled journey or outing that often includes lodging, travel, and activities at several locations. Tours can be planned for both individuals and groups and can be tailored to a variety of interests, including culture, history, the outdoors, and adventure activities.

(5) Some professions and Disciplines associated with Travel and Tourism

These include organizations that serve the interests of the travel industry itself, corporations that aid in connecting customers with travel and tourism-related items, and enterprises that help with the logistical or practical support of travelers. They include the following:

Financial Services

Financial services enables the travelers and tourists access to credit and debit cards, travel insurance, foreign exchange services, and other financial products that can help make travel more convenient and secure. It also help businesses in travel and tourism sector to secure business loans, merchant services, and other financial products that can help them manage their cash flow, grow their business, and also help access the capital for investment.

Travel Agents

Travel agents help travelers plan and book their trips. They can provide expert advice and assistance with a wide range of travel-related services, including finding the best flights and accommodations, arranging transportation, and booking activities and tours.

They help travelers choose the best places to visit depending on what they want and draft budget for that. They also find the best deals on flights, hotels, and other travel-related expenses, and can often negotiate discounts or special rates on behalf of their clients.

Tourism Organisations

Travel and tourism organizers help the operator in the industry in the following areas:

• Research and selection of destinations and attractions that will appeal to travelers
• Strike a deal with hotels, airlines, and other travel providers
• Put in place transportation and accommodation arrangements for travelers
• Plan activities and events, such as sightseeing tours, cultural experiences, and sporting events and many more.

Education

Education helps to prepare individuals for the various roles and responsibilities that they may encounter in this field.

This it does by bequeathing relevant education that can help to develop the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in the field. This may include learning about different cultures and customs, as well as gaining an understanding of how to effectively plan and organize travel arrangements for individuals and groups.

Travel and Tourism Marketing

Marketers in the travel and tourism industry promote destinations and travel products, attract travelers, and increase revenue for the industry. In accomplishing the aforementioned roles, they employ the following strategies:

1. They develop marketing plan to promote destinations, hotels, and other travel products. These can be in form of advertisement, social media posts, email marketing, and other tactics to reach potential travelers.
2. They conduct market research to understand the preferences and behaviors of travelers, and use this information to develop targeted marketing campaigns.
3. Build relationships with partners such as travel agents, airlines, and tour operators to promote their products and services etc.